Kusel
General information: First Jewish presence: 14th century (perhaps earlier); peak Jewish population: 70 in 1936; Jewish population in 1933: 56
Summary: Jews were persecuted in Kusel during the Black Death
pogroms of 1349. In 1542, local Jews were expelled
from the region, as were all Jews living in the Duchy of
Zweibruecken. It was not until the mid-18th century that
Jewish presence was re-established in the town. In 1844,
the community inaugurated a synagogue on Ziegelgasse.
Burials, however, were conducted in Thallichtenberg.
Fifty-six Jews lived in Kusel in 1933. Later, on
Pogrom Night (November 1938), rioters vandalized the
synagogue, destroyed its interior and damaged Jewishowned
stores and houses. Jewish men were sent to
Dachau.
Fifteen Kusel Jews managed to escape to safe countries,
approximately 30 went to countries that were later
occupied by the Nazis, and the others relocated within
Germany. On October 22, 1940, the remaining Jews were deported to the concentration camp in Gurs, France. At least
23 Jews from Kusel perished in the Shoah.
The synagogue building—used as a public bathhouse
after 1938—was torn down in 1982 or 1984.
Author / Sources: Esther Sarah Evans
Sources: AJ, EJL, IAJGS, SG-RPS
Sources: AJ, EJL, IAJGS, SG-RPS
Located in: rhineland-palatinate